Population Pyramids of the World from 1950 to 2100

Poland Population Pyramid 2020

Poland
Afghanistan Africa Albania Algeria Angola Antigua and Barbuda Argentina Armenia Aruba Asia Australia Australia/New Zealand Austria Azerbaijan Bahamas Bahrain Bangladesh Barbados Belarus Belgium Belize Benin Bhutan Bolivia (Plurinational State of) Bosnia and Herzegovina Botswana Brazil Brunei Darussalam Bulgaria Burkina Faso Burundi Cabo Verde Cambodia Cameroon Canada Caribbean Central African Republic Central America Central Asia Chad Channel Islands Chile China China, Hong Kong SAR China, Macao SAR Colombia Comoros Congo Costa Rica Croatia Cuba Curaçao Cyprus Czech Republic Côte d'Ivoire Dem. People's Republic of Korea Democratic Republic of the Congo Denmark Djibouti Dominican Republic Eastern Africa Eastern Asia Eastern Europe Ecuador Egypt El Salvador Equatorial Guinea Eritrea Estonia Ethiopia Europe Fiji Finland France French Guiana French Polynesia Gabon Gambia Georgia Germany Ghana Greece Grenada Guadeloupe Guam Guatemala Guinea Guinea-Bissau Guyana Haiti Honduras Hungary Iceland India Indonesia Iran (Islamic Republic of) Iraq Ireland Israel Italy Jamaica Japan Jordan Kazakhstan Kenya Kiribati Kuwait Kyrgyzstan Lao People's Democratic Republic Latin America and the Caribbean Latvia Least developed countries Lebanon Lesotho Less developed regions Less developed regions, excluding China Less developed regions, excluding least developed countries Liberia Libya Lithuania Luxembourg Madagascar Malawi Malaysia Maldives Mali Malta Martinique Mauritania Mauritius Mayotte Melanesia Mexico Micronesia Micronesia (Fed. States of) Middle Africa Mongolia Montenegro More developed regions Morocco Mozambique Myanmar Namibia Nepal Netherlands New Caledonia New Zealand Nicaragua Niger Nigeria Northern Africa Northern America Northern Europe Norway Oceania Oman Other non-specified areas Pakistan Panama Papua New Guinea Paraguay Peru Philippines Poland Polynesia Portugal Puerto Rico Qatar Republic of Korea Republic of Moldova Romania Russian Federation Rwanda Réunion Saint Lucia Saint Vincent and the Grenadines Samoa Sao Tome and Principe Saudi Arabia Senegal Serbia Seychelles Sierra Leone Singapore Slovakia Slovenia Solomon Islands Somalia South Africa South America South Sudan South-Central Asia South-Eastern Asia Southern Africa Southern Asia Southern Europe Spain Sri Lanka State of Palestine Sub-Saharan Africa Sudan Suriname Swaziland Sweden Switzerland Syrian Arab Republic TFYR Macedonia Tajikistan Thailand Timor-Leste Togo Tonga Trinidad and Tobago Tunisia Turkey Turkmenistan Uganda Ukraine United Arab Emirates United Kingdom United Republic of Tanzania United States Virgin Islands United States of America Uruguay Uzbekistan Vanuatu Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of) Viet Nam Western Africa Western Asia Western Europe Western Sahara World Yemen Zambia Zimbabwe
2020
Population: 38,171,011

Year

-5 -1   2020  +1 +5

Country

A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W Y Z
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Summary

Poland in 2020

In 2020, Poland had a total population of 38,171,012 people. Ten years earlier, in 2010, the population was nearly the same: 38,095,352.

Half of the population was younger than 41.1 years; 15.5% were children under 15 and 18.1% were 65 or older. This is a constrictive pyramid — its base is narrower than its middle, the signature of sustained low birth rates and population ageing.

Ranks #39 of 201 by population Ranks #37 of 201 by median age Ranks #169 of 201 by growth

Share of the population by age group, 1950–2100

Data source: United Nations World Population Prospects, 2024 revision (medium variant) — last updated July 2024.

Key indicators for Poland
Population
38,171,012
Median age
41.1
0-14 %
15.5%
65+ %
18.1%
Child dependency
23.3
Old-age dependency
27.2
Region
EUROPE
Pyramid shape
Constrictive
Population 2050
32,814,097
Population 2100
19,329,839
What is driving the change
Births per woman
Total fertility rate, 1960–2023
123
1960Replacement level (2.1)2023 · 1.16

In 2023 women in Poland had on average 1.16 children, below the replacement level of 2.1.

Source: World Bank World Development Indicators, latest available year.

Life expectancy at birth
Years, 1960–2023
Total Women Men
60708090
19602023 · 78.5

Life expectancy at birth was 78.5 years in 2023: 82.4 for women and 74.8 for men.

Source: World Bank World Development Indicators, latest available year.

People supported per 100 workers
Dependency ratios, 1950–2100
Children Older adults
20406080
19502100
Migration to and from Poland
Where immigrants come from (2024)

1,729,533 immigrants live in Poland, 4.5% of the population.

Ukraine1,102,774
United Kingdom184,964
Germany86,793
Belarus56,258
Ireland34,300
Where emigrants live (2024)

4,572,276 people born in Poland live in other countries.

Germany1,883,559
United Kingdom902,193
United States of America396,647
Netherlands210,981
Canada123,819
Explore
Immigration statistics Origin of migrant stocks map

Source: United Nations International Migrant Stock 2024.

How Poland compares with its neighbours
Country Population Median age Relative size
Poland 38,171,012 41.1
Ukraine 44,680,015 41.9
Romania 19,392,469 42.9
Czech Republic 10,550,130 43.2
Hungary 9,749,457 43.3
Frequently asked questions about Poland's population
What was the population of Poland in 2020?
Poland had a population of 38,171,012 in 2020.
Is the population of Poland increasing or decreasing?
It has been roughly stable since 2010, with a projected population of 32,814,097 in 2050.
How old is the population of Poland?
The median age in Poland is 41.1 years — half the population is younger, half older.
How many children and older people live in Poland?
In Poland, 15.5% of people are under 15 and 18.1% are 65 or older.
What shape is Poland's population pyramid, and what does it mean?
Poland's pyramid is constrictive — narrower at the base than the middle, the signature of sustained low fertility and population ageing.

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